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【英譯漢必譯題】

If a heavy reliance on fossil fuels makes a country a climate ogre, then Denmark — with its thousands of wind turbines sprinkled on the coastlines and at sea — is living a happy fairy tale.

Viewed from the United States or Asia, Denmark is an environmental role model. The country is "what a global warming solution looks like," wrote Frances Beinecke, the president of the Natural Resources Defense Council, in a letter to the group last autumn. About one-fifth of the country's electricity comes from wind, which wind experts say is the highest proportion of any country.

But a closer look shows that Denmark is a far cry from a clean-energy paradise.

The building of wind turbines has virtually ground to a halt since subsidies were cut back. Meanwhile, compared with others in the European Union, Danes remain above-average emitters of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide. For all its wind turbines, a large proportion of the rest of Denmark's power is generated by plants that burn imported coal.

The Danish experience shows how difficult it can be for countries grown rich on fossil fuels to switch to renewable energy sources like wind power. Among the hurdles are fluctuating political priorities, the high cost of putting new turbines offshore, concern about public acceptance of large wind turbines and the volatility of the wind itself.

"Europe has really led the way," said Alex Klein, a senior analyst with Emerging Energy Research, a consulting firm with offices in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Some parts of western Denmark derive 100 percent of their peak needs from wind if the breeze is up. Germany and Spain generate more power in absolute terms, but in those countries wind still accounts for a far smaller proportion of the electricity generated. The average for all 27 European Union countries is 3 percent.

But the Germans and the Spanish are catching up as Denmark slows down. Of the thousands of megawatts of wind power added last year around the world, only 8 megawatts were installed in Denmark.

If higher subsidies had been maintained, he said, Denmark could now be generating close to one-third — rather than one-fifth — of its electricity from windmills.

【參考譯文】

如果說(shuō)大量依賴石油燃料會(huì)讓一個(gè)國(guó)家稱為破壞環(huán)境的惡魔，那么丹麥，一個(gè)海岸線和海上布滿數(shù)千臺(tái)風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)的國(guó)家，簡(jiǎn)直是一個(gè)快樂(lè)地生活在童話故事里的國(guó)家。

從美國(guó)或者亞洲國(guó)家的角度看，丹麥?zhǔn)黔h(huán)境保護(hù)的楷模。自然資源防護(hù)委員會(huì)主席弗朗西斯于去年秋天在致該組織的信函中寫(xiě)道，該國(guó)(指丹麥)“正式解決全球變暖的方法所在”。該國(guó)五分之一的發(fā)電來(lái)自風(fēng)能，風(fēng)力專家稱，這是全歐洲比例最高的國(guó)家。

但是如果我們進(jìn)一步觀察的話就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)丹麥離“潔凈能源的天堂”還差的很遠(yuǎn)。

由于津貼消減，風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)的建設(shè)實(shí)際上已經(jīng)停止。而與此同時(shí)，與歐盟其它國(guó)家相比，丹麥排放的溫室氣體二氧化碳仍然超過(guò)平均值。盡管有許多風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)，丹麥大量的能源都是由燃燒進(jìn)口煤的工廠生產(chǎn)的。

丹麥的經(jīng)歷表明了，要讓使用石油燃料變富的國(guó)家改為使用風(fēng)力之類的可再生能源是多么地困難。其中有許多的障礙，包括不斷變化的政治優(yōu)先權(quán)，將新渦輪建到海上成本高，擔(dān)心公眾是否能接受大型的風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)，以及風(fēng)力本身的不穩(wěn)定性。

“歐洲的確是領(lǐng)先一步了”辦公室設(shè)在馬薩諸賽州劍橋的咨詢公司，新興能源研究會(huì)高級(jí)分析員阿列克斯克雷恩這樣說(shuō)道。

在丹麥西部的某些地區(qū)，當(dāng)刮起風(fēng)時(shí)，能獲得100%的能源需求。以絕對(duì)值計(jì)算，德國(guó)與西班牙產(chǎn)生的電能更多，但是這些國(guó)家風(fēng)能發(fā)電仍只占總發(fā)電的很小一部分。歐盟27個(gè)國(guó)家的風(fēng)力發(fā)電平均只占總發(fā)電量的3%。

但是，隨著丹麥減緩步伐，德國(guó)人和西班牙人正在迎頭趕上。去年全世界風(fēng)力產(chǎn)生的數(shù)十億瓦電中，丹麥只貢獻(xiàn)了8百萬(wàn)千瓦。

他說(shuō)，如果能保持較高的津貼，丹麥的風(fēng)力發(fā)電占總發(fā)電的比率就不是五分之一了，而是三分之一。

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