Robots

People use more and more robots in work. The most sophisticated(先進的)Japanese robots, which have vision systems and work at very high speeds, are still based on American designs. Studies of robots, particularly computer control software, are considered to be generally less advanced in Japan than in America or Europe.

Although industrial robots were originally developed as devices for simply handling objects, today their commonest uses are for more skilled work like welding (焊接), spray-painting and assembling components.

In Britain, robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive and partly because engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of the difficulties of introducing them effectively.

It has been calculated that a robot uses on average about 100 times more energy than a human to do an equivalent job.

It is estimated that 20% of all comic book heroes in Japan are robots. This is an enormous number because comics are so popular that they make up a third of all material published in Japan.

The reliability of robots is measured in their M.T.B.F. or mean time between failures. This has risen from about 250 hours in the mid-1970s to about 10,000 hours today (equivalent to working 18 hours a day for two years.) One way robot manufacturers have increased reliability is to test every single component they buy, instead of the normal procedure of just testing a small sample.

The biggest single benefit of introducing robots claimed by Japanese companies is that they increase quality control. Once programmed, the robots can work more accurately and consistently than humans, who can get tired and bored.

1.Studied of robots from computer control software perspective, which of the following statements is true

A.Japanese technology is more advanced than American technology.

B.Europe technology is more advanced than American technology.

C.Europe technology is more advanced than Japanese technology.

D.American technology is less advanced than Europe technology.

正確答案:C

解析:問題問的是：從計算機控制軟件的方面上來看機器人,下面哪個命題是真的？第一段的最后一句話：Studies of robots, particularly computer control software, are considered to be generally less advanced in Japan than in America or Europe. 是說計算機控制軟件的方面上來看機器人，日本的技術沒有美國和歐洲好。那么從A.B.C.D四個選項的意思來看，只有C

2.Which of the following ones is not the purpose of making industrial robots nowadays

A.Handling objects.

B.Welding.

C.Spray-painting.

D.Assembling components.

正確答案:A

解析:問題問的是：下面哪一項不是現(xiàn)如今制造工業(yè)機器人的目的？根據(jù)第二段可知：最初制造工業(yè)機器人的目的是為了簡單的處理物體，而現(xiàn)在的目的是為了完成一些有技術含量的工作，例如焊接.噴漆和裝配零件。所以可知A是正確答案

3.Why have robot sales been declining since 1984 in Britain

A.British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive.

B.Engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of the difficulties of introducing them effectively.

C.Not mentioned.

D.Both A and B.

正確答案:D

解析:問題問的是:為什么從1984年開始英國機器人的銷量就開始下滑？根據(jù)第三段可知，部分原因是英國的工資增長率太低使得機器人在財政上沒有吸引力，還有部分原因是因為工程師們對于機器人有了更多的經(jīng)驗，使得他們知道在有效地引進機器人方面存在困難。A和B的答案放在一起是完全的，所以選擇D

4.How much percent of comic book heroes in Japan are robots

A.10%.

B.20%.

C.30%.

D.40%

正確答案:B

解析:問題問的是：日本連環(huán)畫中的主人公有多少是機器人？文章第五段中的第一句話：It is estimated that 20% of all comic book heroes in Japan are robots. 可以很清楚的看出是百分之二十，所以選擇B

5.According to Japanese companies，what’ s the biggest benefit of robots

A.Robots are cheaper than workers.

B.Robots can work more accurately and consistently than workers.

C.One robot can replace more than ten workers.

D.Robots do better than workers.

正確答案:B

解析:問題問的是：根據(jù)日本公司的看法，機器人最大的好處是什么？文章的最后一段：Once programmed, the robots can work more accurately and consistently than humans, who can get tired and bored. 一旦被設計了程序，機器人可以準確并持續(xù)工作，而工人則會感到疲勞和厭倦。所以B是答案。A.C和D 文章沒有提到。

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（責任編輯：vstara）

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