翻譯資格考試常見(jiàn)英語(yǔ)詞語(yǔ)辨析29

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102.reason 和cause

The ____ of the big fire was his carelessness.

A.reason B.cause C.causing D.reasoning
解答：B。reason強(qiáng)調(diào)一種推理的理由，而cause是指導(dǎo)致某件事情發(fā)生的人或事。

103.when while 與 as

1,when表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”。從句中既可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，又可用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，這些動(dòng)詞既可以表示動(dòng)作，又可表示狀態(tài)。從句中的動(dòng)作既可和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，又可在主句的動(dòng)作之前或之后發(fā)生。如：

When I came into the room, I found him lying there asleep.

Mary was having dinner when I saw her.

When you meet a word you don''t know, consult the dictionary.

She was beautiful when she was a girl.

如果when從句的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)相同，謂語(yǔ)又是be動(dòng)詞，從句主語(yǔ)和be可以省略：當(dāng)when從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)相同時(shí)，用when加分詞可以替代狀語(yǔ)從句。如：

When（you are）in trouble, ask her for help.

When（I was）sleeping, I never heard a thing.

2，as

(1)表示"當(dāng)……時(shí)"、"和……同時(shí)"。常指從句的動(dòng)作未結(jié)束，主句中的動(dòng)作就已發(fā)生。從句中多用表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，而不用be動(dòng)詞或表示感覺(jué)、理解、知道這類動(dòng)詞。

As he stood there, he saw two men enter the bar.

She dropped the glass as she stood up.

As I was walking down the street, an American asked me for directions to the nearest station.

(2)用于平行的動(dòng)作中，表示"一面……一面……"。常指一個(gè)主語(yǔ)同時(shí)進(jìn)行兩個(gè)動(dòng)作。如：

He sang as he worked.

The students took notes as they listened.

3,While表示"在……的時(shí)候"、"在……期間"。它強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作過(guò)程中。While從句中必須是表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如：