第4部分：閱讀理解(第31一45題，每題3分，共45分)

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US States Do Poorly in Women's Health

Not a single US state meets basic federal goals for women's health, and the nation as a whole fails except in two areas -- mammograms ( 乳腺X光照片) and dental (牙齒的) check-ups -- researchers said on Thursday.

Millions of women lack health insurance, and states make it difficult to enroll (加入) in Medicaid, the state-federal health insurance plan for the poor, according to the report. And few states are doing anywhere near enough to help women quit smoking -- the leading cause of death in the United States.

"The nation as a whole and the individual states fall short of meeting national goals," reads the report, put together by the National Women's Law Center and the Oregon Health & Science University. "These health goals provide a road map for assessing the status of women's health. " Of 27 measures examined by the group, from screening for diseases to actually treating them, the nation passes on only two, the researchers saiD. "The nation is so far from the health goals that it receives an overall grade of 'unsatisfactory' ," they wrote. The problem seems to be a lack among states of an overall plan for health in general, the NWLC said.

"State policy makers' piecemeal (一件一件做的) approach to our health care crisis has resulted in a complex and ineffective system that fails to meet the health care needs of women," Judy Waxman NWLC Vice President for Health, said in a statement.

"Lawmakers need to take a comprehensive, long-term approach to meeting women's health needs and tackle this serious problem that troubles so many families. "

31. In which area is the nation successful?

A. Dental check-ups.

B. Health promotion.

C. Disease screening.

D. Cancer treatment.

32. Medicaid is a program aimed at helping

A. women

B. the poor

C. the old

D. children

33. Which is America's number one killer?

A. Stress.

B. Heart disease.

C. Cancer.

D. Smoking.

34. The national goals for women's health make it easier to

A. meet women's health needs

B. assess the status of women's health

C. solve women's health problems

D. deal with the health care crisis

35. Which approach was recommended by Judy Waxman?

A. The piecemeal approach.

B. A state-federal approach.

C. A comprehensive, long-term approach.

D. A complex approach

A Desert Between Paul and Clara

Paul had long promised to marry ClarA. But at thirty-three he met and married Alice. Clara was driven mad.

Paul was taken to court. The judge ordered him to pay Clara $ 600 because of the broken promise. Paul had to borrow the money from a moneylender. He agreed to pay back $ 5 a month--for twenty years. His wages at the time were $16 a month.

Paul and Alice were poor but not unhappy. They had little enough food, certainly, even before the children began to arrive. Each month Paul paid $ 5 to the money lender. He worked hard, never taking a holiday. In time, there were seven mouths to feed.

Illness was always with them. It grew serious when the oldest child was eight. The years of hunger weakened the family, because each month Paul paid $ 5. The details of the sickness were ugly, but the result was this: after twelve years of family life, Paul was alone in the world.

He lived alone, except for memories. Work was not now a god for him: it was a pain-killer. Each month he paid, and in time the twenty years endeD. From that moment his wages were his own.

One day, It was a holiday went to the seaside. He sat down on a seat by the sea. A middle-aged woman came and sat down near him. They recognized each other at once.

The woman saiD. "The $ 600 has been in the bank since the day it was paid to me. It is now $ 6, 000, and I have kept it for you. Will you let me share it with you?"

"No," said Paul, gently. "Each thousand is a lost life in a desert between us. It can never bring any happiness. "

36. Paul was ordered to pay Clara $600 because

A. he had borrowed $600 from her

B. he had broken his word to marry her

C. he had promised to give her $600

D. he had spent a lot of her money

37. How many children did Paul and Alice have?

A. Two.

B. Four.

C. Five.

D. Eight.

38. Twelve years after his marriage, Paul was

A. poor but not sad

B. very sick

C. free from debt

D. lonely and unhappy

39. After his wife and children died, Paul turned to his work to

A. ease his pain

B. forget his debt

C. get pleasure

D. seek friendship

40. When Paul met Clara again 20 years later, he decided

A. to share the $ 600 with her

B. not to marry her

C. to ask back the $600

D. not to refuse her offer

Why are America's Kids So Stressed

I'm usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago. While any of these statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, I was struck by a report which concluded that today's children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children ages 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago.

Why are America's kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation -- brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among other things -- and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place.

Given that we can't turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope. At the top of the list is nurturing a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an islanD. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress.

To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they will get more sleep.

Limit the amount of virtual violence your children are exposed to. It's not just video games and movies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news.

Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale.

Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable. But it doesn't have to ruin your life.

41. The author thinks that the conclusions of any research about people's state of mind are

A. surprising

B.confusing

C. illogical

D. questionable

42. What does the author mean when he says, "we can't turn the clock back"?

A. It's impossible to slow down the pace of change.

B. The social reality children are facing cannot be changed.

C. Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten.

D. It's impossible to forget the past.

43. According to an analysis, compared with normal children today, children treated as mentally ill 50 years ago

A. were less isolated physically

B. were probably less self-centered

C. probably suffered less from anxiety

D. were considered less individualistic

44. The first and most important thing parents should do to help their children is

A. to provide them with a safer environment

B. to lower their expectations for them

C. to get them more involved socially

D. to set a good model for them to follow

45. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?

A. Anxiety, though unavoidable, can be coped with.

B. Children's anxiety has been enormously exaggerated.

C. Children's anxiety can be eliminated with more parental care.

D. Anxiety, if properly controlled, may help children become mature.

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