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The Greatest of Victorian Engineers

In the hundred years up to 1860, the work of a small group of construction engineers carried forward the enormous social and economic change that we associate with the Industrial Revolution in Britain. The most important of these engineers was Isambard Kingdom Brunel, whose work in shipping, bridge-building, and railway construction, to name just three fields, both challenged and motivated his colleagues. He was the driving force behind a number of the hugely ambitious projects, some of which resulted in works which are still in use today.

The son of an engineer, Brunel apprenticed with his father at an early age on the building of the Thames Tunnel. At the age of just twenty, he became engineer in charge of the project. This impressive plan to bore under the Thames twice suffered two major disasters when the river broke through into the tunnel when the second breach(決口)occurred in 1872, Brunel was seriously injured during rescue operation and further work was halted.

While recovering from his injuries, Brunel entered a design competition for a new bridge over the Avon Gorge near Clifton. The original judge of the competition was Thomas Telford, a leading civil engineer of his day, who rejected all entries to the competition in favor of his own design. After considerable scandal, a second contest was held and Brunel's design was accepted. For reasons of funding, however, exacerbated(加劇) by social unrest in Bristol, the project was abandoned in 1843 with only the towers completed. After Brunel’s death, it was decided to begin work on it again, partly so that the bridge could form a fitting memorial to the great engineer. The entire structure was finally completed in 1864. Today, the well-known Clifton Suspension Bridge is a symbol of Bristol, just as the Opera House is of Sydney. Originally intended only for horse-drawn traffic, the bridge now bears over four million motor vehicles a year.

16.【題干】Brunel was an important airplane engineer in Britain during the Industrial Revolution.

【選項】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

【答案】C

【解析】

17.【題干】Brunel was involved less in railway construction than in other engineering fields.

【選項】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

【答案】C

【解析】

18.【題干】Brunel worked only on shipping, bridge-building and railway construction.

【選項】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

【答案】B

【解析】

19.【題干】Brunel work was largely ignored by his colleagues.

【選項】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

【答案】B

【解析】

20.【題干】Some projects Brunel contributed to are still in use today.

【選項】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

【答案】A

【解析】

21.【題干】Brunel became an apprentice with his father when he was very young.

【選項】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

【答案】A

【解析】

22.【題干】The Thames Tunnel project was more difficult than any previous projects undertaken in Britain.

【選項】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

【答案】C

【解析】

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