ⅱ、主動(dòng)句轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)句：
英語語態(tài)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換容易成為職稱英語完成句子題部分的考點(diǎn)， 因此在復(fù)習(xí)中需要掌握主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換方法。 主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句是通過這樣轉(zhuǎn)換而實(shí)現(xiàn)的:
第一步：把主動(dòng)句的賓語轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)句的主語；
第二步：把主動(dòng)句的謂語換成被動(dòng)語態(tài)；
第三步：把主動(dòng)句的主語前加by構(gòu)成短語,放在被動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語之后。此by...短語根據(jù)需要而定，有時(shí)可以省略。
如： we use coal to heat homes.
動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者（主語） 謂語 賓語（動(dòng)作承受者） 狀語
coal is used by us to heat homes.
動(dòng)作承受者 謂語 動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者 狀語
注：
①帶有介詞或副詞的短語動(dòng)詞，如call on（號召， 拜訪）, carry out（執(zhí)行，完成）, look after, take care of等用被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),應(yīng)視為不可分割的一部分,后面的介飼或副詞不能丟掉,如:
主動(dòng)句：grandma looks after my younger brother well. 奶奶把我弟弟照顧得很好。
被動(dòng)句：my younger brother is well looked after (by my grandma).我弟弟受到了我奶奶很到的照顧。
（選自2006年職稱英語考試綜合類(c級)考題）
nice name but she's so deadly
1 more than a million people in the united states were told to leave their homes over the weekend as hurricane (颶風(fēng)) dennis headed to the gulf coast, after killing at least 15 people in the caribbean sea.
2 if you read the news often enough=, you may notice that all hurricanes are given names. why is that? remember, there can be more than one hurricane operating at one time. without naming them, we could get confused about which storm we're talking about.
3 for hundreds of years, hurricanes in the caribbean were named after the particular religious day on which they occurred. one australian meteorologist (氣象學(xué)家) began giving women's names to tropical storms at the end of the 19th century. in 1953, the us national weather service, which is responsible for tracking hurricanes and issuing warnings, began using female names for storms. by i979, both women and men's names were being used. one name for each letter of the alphabet (字母表) is selected, except for q, u and z.
4 so who decides which names are used' each year? the world meteorological organization uses six lists in rotation, so each list is reused every six years.
5 here's a list of the 2005 atlantic hurricanes, according to the us national hurricane centre: arlene, bret, cindy, dennis, emily, franklin, gert, harvey, irene, jose, katrina, lee, maria, nate, ophelia, philippe, rita, stan, tammy, vince, wilma.
23 paragraph 1
24 paragraph 2
25 paragraph 3
26 paragraph 4
a reason for naming hurricanes
b warning of an approaching hurricane
c deadly women
d history of naming hurricanes
e organization responsible for naming hurricanes
f ways to track hurricanes
27 over a million people were warned not .
28 the responsibility of the us national weather service is .
29 hurricanes are given names .
30 at the end of the 19th century, women's names started .
a to track hurricanes and issue warnings
b to avoid confusion
c to stay at home
d to be given to tropical storms
e to make predictions
f to kill at least 15 people
該文章后的4道完成句子題中有3道（27題，29題和30題 ）涉及到被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)， 而第30題的考點(diǎn)就是考察主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。
30. d. 解析：30題所在的句子說“十九世紀(jì)末， 女性的名字開始...”。本題依據(jù)是第三段的第二句話：one australian meteorologist began giving women’s names to tropical storms at the end of the 19th century.(十九世紀(jì)末，一位澳大利亞的氣象學(xué)家開始用女性的名字來給熱帶風(fēng)暴命名)。顯然答案應(yīng)該是d（被給予熱帶風(fēng)暴）。
主動(dòng)語態(tài)： one australian meteorologist began giving women’s names to tropical storms
被動(dòng)語態(tài)： women’s names started to be given to tropical names (by one australian meteorologist)
（參考答案：23：b； 24：a； 25：d； 26：e； 27：c； 28：a； 29：b；30：d）