一、review:

肯定形式：
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)：
                ↗ is           ↗do                                    ↗have
             be → am      動(dòng)詞                                       have
               ↘ are          ↘does 第三人稱單數(shù)                      ↘has 第三人稱單數(shù)

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)：

                     ↗   is
                  be →   am      +現(xiàn)在分詞
                     ↘   are

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)：
                       ↗have
                  have              +   過去分詞
                       ↘has

否定形式：
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)：   be+not     加上助動(dòng)詞don’t   doesn’t
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)：   be +not +現(xiàn)在分詞
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)：   have (has)+not +過去分詞

疑問形式：
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)：   把be 提前      加上助動(dòng)詞do (does)
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)：   把be 提前
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)：   把have (has)提前

(四)一般過去時(shí)態(tài)

構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞用過去式

1 基本用法：過去某一時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，如：

a minute ago 剛才，yesterday 昨天，last week/month/year, 上周/ 月 / 年，in +年，during the night在夜晚，just now 剛才等時(shí)間狀語連用。（時(shí)間一定是過去的某個(gè)具體時(shí)間。）

e.g. my grandfather died last year.

i finished my work yesterday.

2 構(gòu)成：

①肯定形式：a 動(dòng)詞過去式／規(guī)則 v +ed

＼不規(guī)則

be was / were

↙ ↘

第一，第三人稱單數(shù) 其他人稱

1、 the policemen警察 acted 行動(dòng)quickly 快速because lives幸存 were at stake危險(xiǎn)當(dāng)中

2 、the chairman 主席proposed 建議that we stop the meeting.

3、 she was close to success.成功

4、at midnight, we were aroused驚醒 by a knock at the door.

5、it was obvious 明顯的that she was not going home．回家

在一些敘述性文字（比如小說，故事）等常常用過去時(shí)態(tài)。

② 否定形式： a 主語＋didn’t +v 原形

b 主語＋was/were +not

e.g. the chairman 主席didn’t propose建議that we stop the meeting.

she wasn’t close to success.成功

③ 一般疑問句形式： did ＋主語＋動(dòng)詞原形

e.g. didthe chairman 主席propose 建議that we stop the meeting?

was she close to success?成功

2009年理工類c級(jí)閱讀理解

when 33-year-old pete barth was in college大學(xué), shopping at second-hand clothing stores在二手服裝店里購物 was just something he did -"like像 changing the tires輪胎 on his car." he looked at his budget收支預(yù)算 and decided he could save 節(jié)省a lot of money by 通過shopping for clothes at thriftshops.舊貨商店

（五）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)

構(gòu)成： was/were+v+ing 正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

1 基本用法： 過去某一時(shí)刻或者某一階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，通常都和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。

e.g. i was writing a letter at eight o’clock yesterday evening.

they were thinking of 想起you all those years.

2 構(gòu)成:

肯定形式： was /were +v+ing.

否定形式： was/were+not+ving

一般疑問句形式： was /were +主語＋ving

e.g. i was writing a letter at eight o’clock yesterday evening.

i wasn’t writing a letter at eight o’clock yesterday evening.

were you writing a letter at eight o’clock yesterday evening?

they were thinking of 想起you all those years.

they weren’t thinking of 想起you all those years

were they thinking of 想起you all those years?

2002年綜合類c級(jí)閱讀理解

　 up in smoke
i began to 開始smoke 吸煙when當(dāng)――時(shí)候 i was in high school高中. in fact實(shí)際上, i remember 記得the evening晚上 i was at a girlfriend's 女朋友的house房間, and we were watching a movie電影-a terribly可怕的 romantic浪漫的 movie. he (the hero 男主角of the movie) was in love戀愛中, she (his lady) was beautiful, and they wereboth smoking. my friend had only僅僅 two cigarettes香煙from a pack煙盒 in her mother's purse錢包, and she gave one to me. it was my first time.

（六）過去完成時(shí)態(tài)

構(gòu)成： had +動(dòng)詞過去分詞過去的過去

1 基本用法：

過去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作（過去的過去），往往和by ,before 等介詞引導(dǎo)過去時(shí)間連用。

e.g. by the end of last year到去年年末為止, i had collected收集 more than多于超出 a thousand foreign 外國(guó)的stamps.郵票

she found發(fā)現(xiàn) she had left留 her case 箱子on the train.火車

before daybreak黎明 ,they had already wiped out消滅 all the enemytroops.敵軍

the play 電影had already已經(jīng) started開始 when we got to 進(jìn)入the treater.電影院

2 構(gòu)成：

肯定形式： had +動(dòng)詞過去分詞

否定形式： had +not +動(dòng)詞過去分詞

一般疑問形式： had ＋主語＋動(dòng)詞過去分詞

before daybreak黎明 ,they had already wiped out消滅 all the enemy troops.敵軍

before daybreak黎明 ,they hadn’t wiped out消滅 all the enemy troops.敵軍

before daybreak黎明 , had they already wiped out消滅 all the enemy troops?敵軍

the play 電影had already已經(jīng) started開始 when we got to 進(jìn)入the treater.電影院

the play 電影hadn’t已經(jīng) started開始 when we got to 進(jìn)入the treater.電影院

had the play 電影already已經(jīng) started開始 when we got to 進(jìn)入the treater?電影院

練習(xí)：09年衛(wèi)生類a級(jí)閱讀理解

i immediately立刻 thought意識(shí)到 that it was probably 可能her imagination想象力, and that he had not actually實(shí)際上 done it on

purpose有目地的. he had been there about a month at the time and had never從不 made any movements 活動(dòng)on purpose. i asked her

what had happened and she said, "1 asked him to squeeze 緊握my hand and he did!"

济宁蓖乒工艺品有限责任公司